1. His, its. Disappears before a vowel and f: athair, fhalt etc. Lenites all following consonants except broad /L/: a chas, a bhean etc.
This possessive is used with so called inalienables - things and concepts which from the Gaelic point of view "cannot be taken from you". This includes:
- Body parts (those still attached)
- Most blood relatives (except duine "husband")
- Food and drink
- Home
- Clothes
- Mental and spiritual concepts (mind, ideas, religion...)
- Heritage (kings, queens, country, language...)
Most other items make use of the an X aige construction, eg an leabhar aige, an càr aige etc.
Gràmar - mar a dh’obraicheas am facal seo
| athair |
/ahərʲ/ |
his father |
|
| a bhò |
/ə voː/ |
his cow |
broad b |
| a bheinn |
/ə veiNʲ/ |
his mountain |
slender b |
| a bheanntan |
/ə vjãũNdən/ |
his mountains |
slender b, followed by a back vowel (aː ɔ(ː) o(ː) ɤ(ː) u(ː) ɯ(ː)) |
| a chas |
/ə xas/ |
his foot |
broad c |
| a cheann |
/ə çãũN/ |
his head |
slender c |
| a dhòrn |
/ə ɣɔːRn/ |
his fist |
broad d |
| a dhìnnear |
/ə ʝi:Nʲər/ |
his dinner |
slender d |
| each |
/ɛx/ |
his horse |
|
| fhallas |
/aLəs/ |
his sweat |
broad f |
| fhèileadh |
/eːləɣ/ |
his kilt |
slender f |
| fhiughair |
/ju.ərʲ/ |
his expectation |
slender f, followed by a back vowel (aː ɔ(ː) o(ː) ɤ(ː) u(ː) ɯ(ː)) |
| a ghunna |
/ə ɣuNə/ |
his gun |
broad g |
| a ghille |
/ə ʝiLʲə/ |
his boy |
slender g |
| a hama |
/ə hamə/ |
his ham |
broad or slender h |
| isbean |
/iʃban/ |
his sausage |
|
| a loch |
/ə Lɔx/ |
his loch |
broad l |
| a leabaidh |
/ə lebɪ/ |
his bed |
slender l |
| a mhàthair |
/ə vaːhərʲ/ |
his mother |
broad m |
| a mhiann |
/ə vĩãN/ |
his desire |
slender m |
| a mheann |
/ə vjãũN/ |
his young goat |
slender m, followed by a back vowel (aː ɔ(ː) o(ː) ɤ(ː) u(ː) ɯ(ː)) |
| a nàbaidh |
/ə naːbɪ/ |
his neighbour |
broad n |
| a neart |
/ə nɛRʃd/ |
his strength |
slender n |
| a neòinean |
/ə nɔ:Nʲan/ |
his daisy |
|
| a phàrantan |
/ə faːrandən/ |
his parents |
broad p |
| a phiseag |
/ə fiʃag/ |
his kitten |
slender p |
| a phiuthar |
/ə fju.ər/ |
his sister |
slender p, followed by a back vowel (aː ɔ(ː) o(ː) ɤ(ː) u(ː) ɯ(ː)) |
| a ràmh |
/ə rãːv/ |
his oar |
broad r |
| a rionnag |
/ə rũNag/ |
his star |
slender r |
| a shròn |
/ə rɔːn/ |
his nose |
broad s |
| a sheanair |
/ə hɛnərʲ/ |
his grandfather |
slender s |
| a shiùcar |
/ə hjuːxgər/ |
his sugar |
slender s, followed by a back vowel (aː ɔ(ː) o(ː) ɤ(ː) u(ː) ɯ(ː)) |
| a thaigh |
/ə hɤj/ |
his house |
broad t |
| a theine |
/ə henə/ |
his fire |
slender t |
| a theampall |
/ə hãũmbəL/ |
his temple |
slender t, followed by a back vowel (aː ɔ(ː) o(ː) ɤ(ː) u(ː) ɯ(ː)) |
| uinnean |
/ɯNʲan/ |
his onion |
|
Am facal seo sna dual-chainntean
| An t-Eilean Sgitheanach |
// |
|
| Arainn |
// |
|
| Barraigh |
// |
|
| Beinn na Faoghla |
// |
|
| Cataibh an Ear |
// |
|
| Cinn Tìre |
// |
|
| Diùra |
// |
|
| Earra Ghàidheal |
// |
|
| Ìle |
// |
|
| Leòdhas |
// |
|
| Muile |
// |
|
| Na Hearadh |
// |
|
| Na h-Eileanan an Iar |
// |
|
| Peairt an Ear |
// |
|
| (Reachra) |
// |
|
| Ros an Iar |
// |
|
| Tiriodh |
// |
|
| Uibhist a Deas |
// |
|
| Uibhist a Tuath |
// |
|
Eachdraidh an fhacail
Bhon t-Seann Ghàidhlig xx. E fhèin bhon Phroto-cheiltis *xx, bhon Innd-eòrpais *xx 'xx'. Tha an dearbh fhreumh aig na faclan a leanas:
| Gaeilge |
|
// |
|
| Gaelg |
|
// |
|
| Cuimris |
|
// |
|
| Còrnais |
|
// |
|
| Breatanais |
|
// |
|
| Fraingis |
|
// |
|
| Spàinnis |
|
// |
|
| Eadailtis |
|
// |
|
| Laideann |
|
// |
|
| Albais |
|
// |
|
| Beurla |
|
// |
|
| Gearmailtis |
|
// |
|